What someone may do on the dashboard is now their GM level's permissions plus the grants on their account, minus its
denies (PermissionGrants.h). A deny beats a grant; denies never apply to GM 9, and settings and permissions_manage stay
GM 9 only. The account's grants are read with every request (like its GM level), so a change applies at once, and
they are passed through every check: RouteUtils::Can, CanViewCharacter, the rank rules (self_* and manage_equal_rank),
routes guarded by a permission, the templates' `can`, the API documentation, API access, API key scopes (a key never
does more than its owner may now) and WebSocket subscriptions.
New permission grants_manage (GM 9 by default) and the API to manage grants: GET /api/grants/catalog, GET /api/grants,
POST /api/grants, POST /api/grants/:id/remove. Nobody grants or takes away what they don't hold themselves (a
permission, every permission of a group, a command they may use, every command up to their own GM level), and only on
accounts the rank rules let them manage (their own with self_moderation). Commands with a fixed level or a floor
above GM 1 (/execute) can't be granted. Every change goes in the audit log (grant_permission, deny_permission,
remove_grant). Also: the Showcase gate and the traffic subscription now check their permission by name.
Check: grant a GM 2 account accounts_ban (it can ban, and the Ban button shows); deny a GM 8 account accounts_view (the
accounts list is refused); give an expiry a minute ahead and see it stop; try to grant a permission your account
doesn't have (refused); dWebTests PermissionGrantsTests.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
