Add LinkieTransportV2 and basic IOT.IPCAMERA support (#1270)

Add LinkieTransportV2 transport used by kasa cameras and a basic
implementation for IOT.IPCAMERA (kasacam) devices.

---------

Co-authored-by: Zach Price <pricezt@ornl.gov>
Co-authored-by: Steven B <51370195+sdb9696@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Teemu Rytilahti <tpr@iki.fi>

tests/transports/test_linkietransport.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+import base64
+from unittest.mock import ANY
+
+import aiohttp
+import pytest
+from yarl import URL
+
+from kasa.credentials import DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS, Credentials, get_default_credentials
+from kasa.deviceconfig import DeviceConfig
+from kasa.exceptions import KasaException
+from kasa.httpclient import HttpClient
+from kasa.json import dumps as json_dumps
+from kasa.transports.linkietransport import LinkieTransportV2
+
+KASACAM_REQUEST_PLAINTEXT = '{"smartlife.cam.ipcamera.dateTime":{"get_status":{}}}'
+KASACAM_RESPONSE_ENCRYPTED = "0PKG74LnnfKc+dvhw5bCgaycqZOjk7Gdv96syaiKsJLTvtupwKPC7aPGse632KrB48/tiPiX9JzDsNW2lK6fqZCgmKuZoZGh3A=="
+KASACAM_RESPONSE_ERROR = '{"smartlife.cam.ipcamera.cloud": {"get_inf": {"err_code": -10008, "err_msg": "Unsupported API call."}}}'
+KASA_DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS_HASH = "YWRtaW46MjEyMzJmMjk3YTU3YTVhNzQzODk0YTBlNGE4MDFmYzM="
+
+
+async def test_working(mocker):
+    """No errors with an expected request/response."""
+    host = "127.0.0.1"
+    mock_linkie_device = MockLinkieDevice(host)
+    mocker.patch.object(
+        aiohttp.ClientSession, "post", side_effect=mock_linkie_device.post
+    )
+    transport_no_creds = LinkieTransportV2(config=DeviceConfig(host))
+
+    response = await transport_no_creds.send(KASACAM_REQUEST_PLAINTEXT)
+    assert response == {
+        "timezone": "UTC-05:00",
+        "area": "America/New_York",
+        "epoch_sec": 1690832800,
+    }
+
+
+async def test_credentials_hash(mocker):
+    """Ensure the default credentials are always passed as Basic Auth."""
+    # Test without credentials input
+
+    host = "127.0.0.1"
+    mock_linkie_device = MockLinkieDevice(host)
+    mock_post = mocker.patch.object(
+        aiohttp.ClientSession, "post", side_effect=mock_linkie_device.post
+    )
+    transport_no_creds = LinkieTransportV2(config=DeviceConfig(host))
+    await transport_no_creds.send(KASACAM_REQUEST_PLAINTEXT)
+    mock_post.assert_called_once_with(
+        URL(f"https://{host}:10443/data/LINKIE2.json"),
+        params=None,
+        data=ANY,
+        json=None,
+        timeout=ANY,
+        cookies=None,
+        headers={
+            "Authorization": "Basic " + _generate_kascam_basic_auth(),
+            "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+        },
+        ssl=ANY,
+    )
+
+    assert transport_no_creds.credentials_hash == KASA_DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS_HASH
+    # Test with credentials input
+
+    transport_with_creds = LinkieTransportV2(
+        config=DeviceConfig(host, credentials=Credentials("Admin", "password"))
+    )
+    mock_post.reset_mock()
+
+    await transport_with_creds.send(KASACAM_REQUEST_PLAINTEXT)
+    mock_post.assert_called_once_with(
+        URL(f"https://{host}:10443/data/LINKIE2.json"),
+        params=None,
+        data=ANY,
+        json=None,
+        timeout=ANY,
+        cookies=None,
+        headers={
+            "Authorization": "Basic " + _generate_kascam_basic_auth(),
+            "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
+        },
+        ssl=ANY,
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("return_status", "return_data", "expected"),
+    [
+        (500, KASACAM_RESPONSE_ENCRYPTED, "500"),
+        (200, "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", "Unable to read response"),
+        (200, KASACAM_RESPONSE_ERROR, "Unsupported API call"),
+    ],
+)
+async def test_exceptions(mocker, return_status, return_data, expected):
+    """Test a variety of possible responses from the device."""
+    host = "127.0.0.1"
+    transport = LinkieTransportV2(config=DeviceConfig(host))
+    mock_linkie_device = MockLinkieDevice(
+        host, status_code=return_status, response=return_data
+    )
+    mocker.patch.object(
+        aiohttp.ClientSession, "post", side_effect=mock_linkie_device.post
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(KasaException, match=expected):
+        await transport.send(KASACAM_REQUEST_PLAINTEXT)
+
+
+def _generate_kascam_basic_auth():
+    creds = get_default_credentials(DEFAULT_CREDENTIALS["KASACAMERA"])
+    creds_combined = f"{creds.username}:{creds.password}"
+    return base64.b64encode(creds_combined.encode()).decode()
+
+
+class MockLinkieDevice:
+    """Based on MockSslDevice."""
+
+    class _mock_response:
+        def __init__(self, status, request: dict):
+            self.status = status
+            self._json = request
+
+        async def __aenter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        async def __aexit__(self, exc_t, exc_v, exc_tb):
+            pass
+
+        async def read(self):
+            if isinstance(self._json, dict):
+                return json_dumps(self._json).encode()
+            return self._json
+
+    def __init__(self, host, *, status_code=200, response=KASACAM_RESPONSE_ENCRYPTED):
+        self.host = host
+        self.http_client = HttpClient(DeviceConfig(self.host))
+        self.status_code = status_code
+        self.response = response
+
+    async def post(
+        self, url: URL, *, headers=None, params=None, json=None, data=None, **__
+    ):
+        return self._mock_response(self.status_code, self.response)