tests: add type annotations to CLI, protocol, and smartcam tests (#1687)

Add type annotations (`-> None` return types and parameter types) to
test files in the `tests/cli/`, `tests/protocols/`, and
`tests/smartcam/` directories. This enables mypy to check test function
bodies, catching type errors that were previously hidden.

tests/smartcam/modules/test_detections.py

@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ class Detection(NamedTuple):
 def parametrize_detection(
     *,
     model_filter=None,
-    protocol_filter=None,
-    fixture_name="dev",
+    protocol_filter: set[str] | None = None,
+    fixture_name: str = "dev",
     extra_params_names: list[str],
     extra_params_values: list[Detection],
 ):
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ params_detections = parametrize_detection(
 @params_detections
 async def test_detections(
     dev: Device, module: ModuleName[DetectionModule], feature_name: str
-):
+) -> None:
     detection = dev.modules.get(module)
     assert detection